There was a post here on hacker news of a service that would convert a static page and contain the entire page in a URL. That, in turn, could be converted to a QR code. I didn’t notice if it relied on something like bit.ly to store data, but it didn’t seem like it.
Unfortunately, I can’t find it again at the moment.
It encodes data in the # fragment of the url itself, but for decoding the data in the fragment it relies on the js loaded from the server also the domain must be resolved.
Unfortunately, I can’t find it again at the moment.