I’m always amazed when people seem to miss the obvious answer. Robots won’t get us there. Digitizing consciousness won’t either. We already have perfectly good nanotechnology capable of adapting to any environment. It’s staring us in the face, literally when you look in a mirror. DNA and proteins are how you do nanotechnology right. Add to that a guiding consciousness so we don’t have to wait millions of years for the slow search algorithm of evolution to find the answer and there’s nothing we can’t do. Our biggest task is reverse engineering the machine and learning to control it but given the tools we have now I believe we can master it within this century.

Interstellar distances at sub light speed are no obstacle if you have complete control over your biology/lifespan/metabolism. Just bring a big enough pile of enriched uranium, water and biomass and you’re good to go for hundreds of years.

Yes we do still need mechanical and electrical machines where they are more efficient but biology can provide for the lion’s share of our needs once it is under our control.