Because email is a decentralized network! iMessage isn't! iMessage isn't email! It's nothing like email! Also if an email provider wanted to charge other email providers to federate with them, they can. No one would pay it because there's too much competition for email services - it's hard to compete with free - but nothing is stopping anyone from charging for e-mail peering the same way ISPs do for regular internet currently.
Because Google chose to implement an open protocol and to operate their email service as part of the broader email network. Apple chose a different path with their iMessage system, and that's fine too.
Going down the protocol route here - this would be more like Sony blocking game developers from allowing interoperability between Playstations and Xboxes. Crossplay is most definitely a thing - without requiring Xbox versions of games running on Sony hardware.