You have to pull them out by key name, and not just get everything. Here's a working version, though with a totally different syntax (to avoid having to list the keys twice, once as keys and once as resulting variable names):
>>> def u(locals, dct, keys):
... for k in keys:
... locals[k] = dct[k]
...
>>> dct = {'greeting': 'hello', 'thing': 'world', 'farewell': 'bye'}
>>> u(locals(), dct, ['greeting', 'thing'])
>>> greeting
'hello'
>>> thing
'world'
>>> farewell
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name 'farewell' is not defined
Modifying locals() is generally frowned upon, as there's no guarantee it'll work. But it does for this example.
Dotted notation would not work because the keys in a dict can also contain dots. I am not terrible familiar with them but there is something called `lenses` that comes from functional programming that should allow you to access nested structures. And I am pretty sure there must be at least one python library that implements that.
*I realize the tuple can be omitted here